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2011年12月28日

The Bet ( 3 )

During the first year of imprisonment, the lawyer, as far as it was possible to judge from his short notes, suffered terribly from loneliness and boredom. From his wing day and night came the sound of the piano. He rejected wine and tobacco. “Wine,” he wrote, “excites desires, and desires are the chief foes of a prisoner; besides, nothing is more boring than to drink good wine alone,” and tobacco spoiled the air in his room. During the first year the lawyer was sent books of a light character; novels with a complicated love interest, stories of crime and fantasy, comedies, and so on.
  In the second year, the piano was heard no longer and the lawyer asked only for classics. In the fifth year, music was heard again, and the prisoner asked for wine. Those who watched him said that during the whole of that year he was only eating, drinking, and lying on his bed. He yawned often and talked angrily to himself. Books he did not read. Sometimes at nights he would sit down to write. He would write for a long time and tear it all up in the morning. More than once he was heard to weep.
In the second half of the sixth year, the prisoner began zealously to study languages, philosophy, and history. He fell on these subjects so hungrily that the banker hardly had time to get books enough for him. In the space of four years about six hundred volumes were bought at his request. It was while that passion lasted that the banker received the following letter from the prisoner: My dear jailer, I am writing these lines in six languages. Show them to experts. Let them read them. If they do not find one single mistake, I beg you to give orders to have a gun fired off in the garden. By the noise I shall know that my efforts have not been in vain. The geniuses of all ages and countries speak in different languages; but in them all burns the same flame. Oh, if you knew my heavenly happiness now that I can understand them!” The prisoner’s desire was fulfilled. Two shots were fired in the garden by the banker’s order.
  Later on, after the tenth year, the lawyer sat immovable before his table and read only the New Testament. The banker found it strange that a man who in four years had mastered six hundred erudite volumes, should have spent nearly a year in reading one book, easy to understand and by no means thick. The New Testament was then replaced by the history of religions and theology.
  During the last two years of his confinement the prisoner read an extraordinary amount, quite haphazard. Now he would apply himself to the natural sciences, then he would read Byron or Shakespeare. Notes used to come from him in which he asked to sent at the same time a book on chemistry, a-textbook of medicine, a novel, and some treatise on philosophy. He read as though he were swimming in the sea among broken pieces of wreckage, and in his desire to save his life was eagerly grasping one piece after another.
  The banker recalled all this, and thought:
 “Tomorrow at twelve o’clock he receives his freedom. Under the agreement, I shall have to pay him two millions. If I pay, it’s all over with me, I am ruined forever---.”
  Fifteen years before he had too many millions to count, but now he was afraid to ask himself which he had more of, money or debts. Gambling on the Stock Exchange, risky speculation, and the recklessness of which he could not rid himself even in old age, had gradually brought his business to decay; and the fearless, self-confident, proud man of business had become an ordinary banker, trembling at every rise and fall in the market.
  “That cursed bet,” murmured the old man clutching his head in despair….”Why didn’t the man die? He’s only forty years old. He will take away my last farthing, marry, enjoy life, gamble on the Exchange, and I will look on like an envious beggar and hear the same words from him every day: ”I’m obliged to you for the happiness of my life.. Let me help you, No, it’s too much! The only escape from bankruptcy and disgrace---is that the man should die.”
  The clock had just struck three. The banker was listening. In the house every one was asleep, and one could hear only the frozen trees whining outside the windows. Trying to make no sound, he took out of his safe the key of the door which had not been opened for fifteen years, put on his overcoat, and went out of the house. The garden was dark and cold. It was raining. A damp, penetrating wind howled in the garden and gave the trees no rest. Though he strained his eyes, the banker could see neither the ground, nor the white statues, nor the garden wing, nor the trees. Approaching the garden wing, he called the watchman twice. There was no answer. Evidently the watchman had taken shelter from the bad weather and was now asleep somewhere in the kitchen or the greenhouse.
  “If I have the courage to fulfill my intention,” thought the old man, “the suspicion will fall on the watchman first of all.”
In the darkness he groped for the steps and the door and entered the hall of the garden-wing, then poked his way into a narrow passage and struck a match. Not a soul was there. Some one’s bed with no bed-clothes in it stood there, and an iron stove loomed dark in the corner. The seals on the door that led into the prisoner’s room were unbroken.
  When the match went out, the old man, trembling from agitation, peeped into the little window
  In the prisoner’s room a candle was burning dimly. The prisoner himself sat by the table. Only his back, the hair on his head were visible. Open books were strewn about on the table, the two chairs, and on the carpet near the table.
  Five minutes passed and the prisoner never once stirred. Fifteen years’ confinement had taught him to sit motionless. The banker tapped on the window with his finger, but the prisoner made no movement in reply. Then the banker cautiously tore the seals from the door and put the key into the lock. The rusty lock gave a hoarse groan and the door creaked. The banker expected instantly to hear a cry of surprise and the sound of steps. Three minutes passed and it was as quiet inside as it had been before. He made up his mind to enter.
  Before the table sat a man, unlike an ordinary human being. It was a skeleton, with tight-drawn skin, with long curly hair like a woman’s, and a shaggy beard. The color of his face was yellow. Of an earthy shade, the cheeks were sunken, the back long and narrow, and the hand upon which he leaned his hairy head was so lean and skinny that it was painful to look upon. His hair was already silvering with gray, and no one who glanced at the senile emaciation of the face would have believed that he was only forty years old. On the table, before his bended head lay a sheet of paper on which something was written in a tiny hand.
  “Poor devil,” thought the banker, “he’s asleep and probably seeing millions in his dreams. I have only to take and throw this half-dead thing on the bed, smother him a moment with the pillow, and the most careful examination will find no trace of unnatural death. But, first, let us read what he has written here,”
  The banker took the sheet from the table and read: “To-morrow at twelve o’clock midnight, I shall obtain my freedom and the right to mix with people. But before I leave this room and see the sun. I think it’s necessary to say a few words to you. On my own clear conscience and before God who sees me I declare to you that I despise freedom, life, health, and all that your books call the blessings of the world.
  Fifteen years I have diligently studied earthly life. True, I saw neither the earth nor the people, but in your books I drank fragrant wine, sang songs, hunted deer and wild boar in the forests, loved women----And beautiful women, like clouds ethereal, created by the magic of your poets’ genius, visited me by night and whispered to me wonderful tales, which made my head drunken. In your books I climbed the summits of Elbruz and Mount Blanc and saw from there how the sun rose in the morning, and in the evening, suffused the sky, the ocean and the mountain ridges with a purple gold .I saw from there how above me lightnings glimmered, cleaving the clouds; I saw green forests, fields, rivers, lakes, cities; I heard sirens singing, and the playing of the pipes of Pan; I touched the wings of beautiful devils who came flying to me to speak of God---- In your books I cast myself into bottomless abysses, worked miracles, burned cities to the ground, preached new religions, conquered whole countries----.
  “Your books gave me wisdom. All that unwearying human thought created in the centuries is compressed to a little lump in my skull. I known that I am clever than you all.
  “And I despise your books, despise all worldly blessings and wisdom. Everything is void, frail, visionary and delusive as a mirage. Though you be proud and wise and beautiful, yet will death wipe you from the face of the earth like the mice underground; and your posterity, your history, and the immortality of your men of genius will be as frozen slag, burnt down together with the terrestrial globe.
“You are mad, and gone the wrong way. You take falsehood for truth and ugliness for beauty. You would marvel if suddenly apple and orange trees should bear frogs and lizards instead of fruit, and if roses should begin to breathe the odor of a sweating horse. So do I marvel at you, who have bartered heaven for earth I do not want to understand you.
  “That I may show you in deed my contempt for that by which you live, I waive the two millions of which once dreamed as of paradise, and which I now despise. That I may deprive myself of my right to them, I shall come out from here five minutes before the stipulated term, and thus shall violate the agreement.”
When he had read, the banker put the sheet on the table, kissed the head of the strange man, and began to weep. He went out of the wing Never at any other time, not even after his terrible losses on the Exchange, had he felt such contempt for himself as now. Coming home, he lay down on his bed, but agitation and tears kept him a long time from sleeping---
  The next morning the poor watchman came running to him and told him that they had seen the man who lived in the wing climb through the window into the garden. He had gone to the gate and disappeared. The banker instantly went with his servants to the wing and established the escape of his prisoner, To avoid unnecessary rumors he took the paper with the renunciation from the table and, on his return, locked it in his safe.

2011年12月24日

The Bet ( 2 )

There ensued a lively discussion. The banker who was then younger and more nervous suddenly lost his temper, banged his fist on the table, and turning to the young lawyer, cried out:
  “It’s a lie. I bet you two millions you wouldn’t stick in a cell even for five years.”
  “If you mean it seriously,” replied the lawyer, “Then I beg I’ll stay not five but fifteen,”
  “Fifteen! Done! cried the banker. “Gentlemen, I stake two millions.”
   “Agreed. You stake two millions, I my freedom,” said the lawyer.
So this wild ridiculous bet came to pass. The banker, who at that time had too many millions to count, spoiled and capricious, was beside himself with rapture. During supper he said to the lawyer jokingly:
  “Come to your senses, young man, before it’s too late, Two millions are nothing to me, but you stand to lose three or four of the best years of your life. I say three or four, because you’ll never stick it out any longer. Don’t forget either, you unhappy man, that voluntary is much heavier than enforced imprisonment. The idea that you have the right to free yourself at any moment will poison the whole of your life in the cell. I pity you.”
And now the banker, pacing from corner to corner, recalled all this and asked himself:
  “Why did I make this bet? What’s the good? The lawyer loses fifteen years of his life and I throw away two millions. Will it convince people that capital punishment is worse or better than imprisonment for life? No, no! all stuff and rubbish. On my part, it was the caprice for a well-fed man; on the lawyer’s, pure greed of gold.”
  He recollected further what happened after the evening party. It was decided that the lawyer must undergo his imprisonment under the strictest observation, in a garden wing of the banker’s house. It was agreed that during the period he would be deprived of the right to cross the threshold, to see living people, to hear human voices, and to receive letters and newspapers. He was permitted to have a musical instrument to read books, to write letters, to drink wine and smoke tobacco. By the agreement he could communicate, but only in silence, with the outside world through a little window specially constructed for this purpose. Everything necessary, books, music, wine, he could receive in any quantity by sending a note through the window.   The agreement provided for all the minutest details, which made the confinement strictly solitary, and it obliged the lawyer to remain exactly fifteen years from twelve o’clock of November 14, 1870, to twelve o’clock of November 14, 1885. The last attempt on his part to violate the conditions to escape if only for two minutes before the time, freed the banker from the obligation to pay him the two millions.

2011年12月23日

The Bet ( 1 )

學生時代最怕讀原文書了,遇到英文課或是原文教材,第一件事一定是去找翻譯本。可是拿到了翻譯本卻又如何,依舊是有看沒有懂,比原文還艱澀。離開學校後我就不再看翻譯本了,讀英文我就捧著字典一字一字、一句一句、一段一段艱苦的的往前推進,久而久之竟然發現不同的語言蘊藏著不同的感觸,於是就蠻喜歡在英文的世界裡摸索了。常常把大學英文選放在身邊,有空時就拿起來啃一啃,每次在讀這些文章時除了被文章的內涵感動外,還覺得蠻充實的。
  The Bet 是我非常喜歡的一篇短文,它讓我嘗試著去體會孤寂的心情;想像一下書中自有顏如玉、書中自有黃金屋的境界;思考宇宙生命的哲理,萬物皆空,真正存在的只是我們有意識的瞬間。而記憶把這些瞬間連結起來我們才有美好的回憶與燦爛的未來可以期待,人生也才變的有意義。我也曾設想自己是書中人,假如有人願意給我200萬,不,那太少了,改成2000萬,但我必需孤獨的過15年,我願不願意?假如是現在的我,我願意,因為為了生活我工作了大半生,多麼希望有悠閒的時間可以盡情的讀讀書,去追逐那年輕時沒有勇敢去追求的夢想。要是換成年輕的我,我就不會同意的,因為那個代價實在太大了,把人生最精華的歲月壓在那一間小房間內與世隔絕,出來後白髮蒼蒼瘦骨嶙峋與社會脫節,縱然有萬貫家財也只能說窮的只剩下錢了。茲將該文抄錄於後。
  It was a dark autumn night. The old banker was pacing from corner to corner of his study, recalling to his mind the party he gave in the autumn fifteen years before. There were many clever people at the party and much interesting conversation. They talked among other things of capital punishment. The guests, among them not a few scholars and journalists, for the most part disapproved of capital punishment. They found it obsolete as a means of punishment, unfitted to a Christian State, and immoral. Some of them thought that capital punishment should be replaced by life-imprisonment.
 “I don’t agree with you,” said the host. “I myself have experienced neither capital punishment nor life-imprisonment, but if one may judge a priori, then in my opinion capital punishment is more moral and more humane than imprisonment.      Execution kills instantly; life-imprisonment kills by degrees. Who is the more humane executioner, one who kills you in a few seconds or one who draws the life out of you incessantly, for yeas?”
“They’re both equally immoral,” remarked one of the guests, ”because their purpose is the same, to take away life. The State is not God. It has no right to take away that which it cannot give back, if it should so desire.”
Among the company was a lawyer, a young man of about twenty-five. On being asked his opinion, he said:
“Capital punishment and life-imprisonment are equally immoral; but if I were offered the choice between them, I would certainly choose the second. It’s better to live somehow than not to live at all.”

2011年5月16日

俄國大文豪柯契夫的短篇小說--豪賭

  廢死刑與否的議題,會延伸到是否該以無期徒來取代死刑的話題,這個話題使我想起了19世紀後期俄國文豪Anton Chekhov ( 1860~1904 ),他有一篇大作 The Bet 也是由討論有關死刑與無期徒刑的問題開頭的。
  故事的內容從一個餐會開始,有個銀行家辦了一個酒會,邀請了很多上流社會的人士參加,有學者、記者、律師、、等等,席間談論到了有關死刑這個議題。這個銀行家認為死刑比無期徒刑更具人性,因為無期徒刑它是一點一滴的,慢慢的用很長的時間把一個人的生命給折磨掉,而死刑的執行只不過幾秒鐘,比較人道。
  這個看法並未獲得很多的共鳴,有個25歲年輕的律師,更是當場反駁說,如果能有選擇的話,他寧可選無期徒刑,畢竟活著比死亡好「It’s better to live somehow than not to live at all。」這可惹惱了這個事業有成又氣盛的銀行家,他憤怒的用力的捶著桌面說:「騙人,我跟你打賭兩百萬元,我賭你根本沒辦法被關在一個小房間裡超過5年。」
  這個年輕的律師ㄧ點也不示弱的說:「假如你是認真的,我不只可以關5年,我讓你關15年。」
一個可笑的賭約就這樣開始,年輕的律師被限定居住在銀行家的庭院裡的一個小房間內,不可跨越門檻一步;不可以看到任何人;不可與人交談;沒有信件與報紙,完全與世隔絕。但可以要求任何自娛的東西,樂器、書本、酒、菸等,不過要透過字條向外索取。
  第一年這位律師強忍著令人難耐的寂寞和極端的無聊,他不煙不酒只彈琴跟看小說,他說煙跟酒會刺激他的慾望。第2年起琴也不彈了只讀古典小說。到了第5年琴聲再起,他開始要求要喝酒,看守他的門房,發現他經常在嘆息並憤怒的自言自語,什麼書都不看,在夜裡他常坐在桌子前面,整夜的狂寫東西,但到了清晨卻把所寫的東西通通撕掉,並且不只一次聽到他在房裡涰泣。
  到了第6年的下半年,這位律師開始熱衷於閱讀有關語言、哲學與歷史的書籍,他對這類書本的熱烈需求,甚至讓這位銀行家有點應接不暇。接下來的4年期間,他大概閱讀了600本有關這類的書籍,最後他用6種文字寫了一些句子,遞出條子請求銀行家將這些句子拿去給專家看看,如果裡面沒有任何錯誤,請銀行家在院子裡放兩槍告知他,代表他這4年來的苦讀沒有白費,他已經把世界上最精華的智慧結晶完全吸收了解。果真他如願以償的聽到了槍聲。
  接著第10年,令銀行家感到不解的是,這位能在4年內精通6國語言並博學多聞的天才,竟然坐在椅子上一動不動的專心讀著新約聖經,用去整整一年的時間在讀那本簡單易懂的聖經,隨後他要求要有關宗教歷史和神學的書。
  最後兩年這位律師像在與時間賽跑般,急切的要求各式各樣的書籍。不論是自然科學的書,或是拜倫、莎士比亞的作品,化學、醫學以及神學哲學的論文等等,都在他的書單裡,他就像落水的人,拼命的要抓取身邊任何能夠抓取的東西一般,想在最後的階段擁有世界上所有的知識。
  15年過去了,相對於那位律師,生活在花花世界的銀行家,在股票市場追逐金錢遊戲,奢華的揮霍他的財富。現在的他財力已不似當年了,在書房裡踱來踱去想著如果再付出這兩百萬,他將破產。想到明天以後,那個關在後院的律師出來後,即將拿走他僅剩的兩百萬去享受人生,而自己將變成一文不值的落魄老人。他不甘心,所以這個銀行家決定利用當天風雨交加的夜晚,去結束掉那位律師的生命。
  他帶著那間關著律師的小房間的鑰時,冒著強烈的風雨慢慢的摸黑向後院而去,不盡職的門房不知跑去那裡了?也許躲在廚房取暖睡覺去了。他小心翼翼的轉開門鎖,進了房間,映在眼裡是一個骨瘦如材的軀體斜躺在椅子上,斑白的長髮從椅子上散落在地上,塌陷的雙頰,滿臉的鬍子,土黃的肌膚,叫人難以相信這是一個40歲的人應該有的模樣。
  銀行家心裡想著:「可憐的傢伙,也許正在做百萬富翁的春秋大夢,我只要把它丟在床上,用枕頭把他悶死,就人不知鬼不覺了。」就在他動手之際發現桌上有一張便條紙,心想先看看他寫些什麼鬼東西,再殺他也不遲,於是他拿起那張字條仔細的讀著,那字條寫著:
  「明天我將重獲自由,回到人群。就在我離開這個小屋看到明日的太陽以前,我有一些發自內心的話想對你說。我想說的是,我不在乎自由、人生與健康,還有那些從你的書上所說的一切福分,我也都不放在心上。」
  「這15年來,我認真的學習俗世的生活。我說的是真的,雖然我與世隔絕,但是從你的書本上,我喝著醇酒,唱著歌,在森林中打獵,和美女談戀愛、、、詩人筆下如夢似幻的仙女,在晚上來到我這裡,輕聲對我訴說著故事,這一切的一切都令我陶醉。 從你的書中,我登上了世界的最高峰,在那裡迎接曙光與送走落日,欣賞那滿天的霞光;我看到了閃電劈開烏雲,看到了蒼鬱的森林、原野、河流、湖泊還有城市;我聽到了仙女為我的歌唱,以及森林之神為我吹的笛聲。在你的書中,我把自己投入浩瀚的世界,我努力創造奇蹟,我把城市化為平地,我去傳道,我征服所有城市、、、」。
  「你的書本帶給我智慧,幾世紀以來那些勤奮不倦的智者,所創造的知識都塞滿在我腦裡 ,我知道現在的我比你們任何人都聰明。」
  「但是我看不起你們書上的那些知識,我看不起俗世中的福分與智慧,世上的一切都是空的,都是泡沫幻影,就像海市蜃樓一樣。不管你是如何的自負、聰明或是美麗,當死亡降臨時,你就會和臭水溝裡的死老鼠一樣,從這世上消失無蹤。你的子子孫孫,世上的文明歷史,以及任何人們所說的可以留傳永世的東西,其實總有一天都會像煤渣一樣,和地球一起毀滅。」
  「你們都瘋了,都已經誤入歧途了。你們以假當真,把醜陋當成美麗。如果有一天你發現樹上不是長出水果,而是青蛙或是蜥蜴。玫瑰花散發出的不是香味而是臭味的話,你一定感到十分震驚。現在的我對你們感到一樣的震驚,因為你們把地球當成了天堂,我真的不想去了解你們在想什麼。」
  「我將以行動來表達,我看不起你們賴以維生的東西。我要放棄那曾經是我夢想令人炫耀的200萬元,我現在對它嗤之以鼻。我會在我們約定的期限前5分鐘離開這裡,我將因為違反合約而被剝奪我對那筆財富的所有權。」
  銀行家讀完了那便條,把它放回桌上,輕吻眼前這個既熟悉又陌生的人,眼淚不自由自主的掉了下來。他離開了那間房間,他從來都沒有那麼的看輕過自己,縱然在股票市場大輸狂輸,他也沒像現在這樣的看輕自己。回到房裡,躺在床上,他激動的淚流滿面久久無法入睡。
  第二天早上那個看守門禁的人匆匆跑來告訴他,他們看到被監禁的人爬出窗戶從大門走了。銀行家和他的僕人來到監禁的小房間,證實律師已經逃離了。為了避免另生枝節,銀行家拿起那張字條放到家中的保管箱裡。
  故事結束了,並沒有對死刑與無期徒刑那個比較有人性做下結論,但卻引出了深奧的人生哲理,人從何處來?死後將往何處去?昨天去那兒了?明天在那裡?人生除了在我們這一吐一納是真實的外,其餘的是不是都是一場空?

2011年4月3日

閒話醫院弊端

  署立醫院的採購弊端如滾雪球般越滾越大,先是執行長黃焜璋及基隆醫院院長李源芳被收押,接著檢調搜索嘉義醫院,並另外約談台中、新竹、嘉義及澎湖醫院院長,涉及的層面不可謂不大,是否僅止於曝光的這些醫院,會不會再有更多的醫院涉案,我門只能靜觀其變了。
  由於這次的事件,又開始有人主張署立醫院應該民營化,這個話題在民國80年代末期,幾乎是個主流的見解,但經過SAAS的洗禮後,就已經不見有人這麼主張了。因為除了公立醫院的醫護人員外,沒有人願意冒著被感染的風險,前進到第一線去對抗SAAS。
  其實署立醫院確實有存在的價值,不只是防疫的功能,最重要的是它具有平民醫院的特質。什麼叫做平民醫院?平民醫院就是讓一般民眾住的起的醫院,健保床多,民眾住院自費的金額低,每個病人都能很快的得到醫療照護。這個就是它存在的最大價值。你也許會說看病可以去台大、榮總、長庚、慈濟以及滿坑滿谷的診所。可是到榮總、台大想要排的到床位容易嗎?到財團法人的醫院看病住院的花費會比署立醫院便宜嗎?滿坑滿谷的診所有能力作檢查跟開刀嗎?半夜或是假日要看急診除了署立醫院外還能去那裡?署立醫院的使命就是要做民眾健康的保護者。
  署立醫院有很多經營上的難題,但我認為最先要解決的問題是署立醫院的定位問題,所謂定位問題是衛生署應該明確表明他對署立醫院的態度,到底是愛或不愛?這個問題我想目前衛生署的態度是,既不想要它們,又不太敢不要它們,對待它們的政策就像屯田政策,平時沒有太多資源可給,但是戰時就要它們負起保疆衛國的任務。定位不明員工就會有「為誰而戰」?「是不是還有明天」的迷失。
  報紙說署立醫院要大換血,醫院的採購權限要限制在1000萬元以下,真不知到這樣的作為,是不是對症下藥?其實只要有利可圖,廠商就會去找到關鍵的關節下手的,權限在哪裡誘惑就會在那裡,權限有多少誘惑就會有多少。設計再完美的制度,總有漏洞。任何制度都需要人去執行,有人的地方就有貪念。如何杜絕弊端,除了要從設計制度以及人格教育著手之外,我想最重要的作法是,任何不法的所得,只要一經查獲屬實,就要全數追繳出來,廠商因行賄而獲得的利益,也應全數追回。任何犯貪瀆罪行的人,不應該只被關幾年就可以出來享受一世的榮華富貴。讓犯罪的成本很高,讓被查獲的機會很高,才能抑制人們的貪念。

2011年3月5日

死刑該廢嗎?

  法務部昨天槍決5名死刑犯,招來廢死聯盟的一陣批判。仔細看看這些死刑犯的新聞,每個人身上都揹負著好幾條人命,很多都是無辜的生命。真不知道廢死聯盟的成員,都是些什麼樣的背景?黑道嗎?要保護壞人的。宗教家嗎?崇尚只有上帝才能奪去人的生命的理想。要是他們能有同理心,能夠想像那些受害者在面臨死亡剎那時的驚恐,或是在死亡的前一刻,向死刑犯哀求的那一幕,或者本身就是受害者家屬,我想他們就不會主張廢去死刑。
  廢死聯盟要努力的方向,應該是要求我們的教育部,要從小就教導大家珍惜生命,尊重別人的身體。假如這部分教育成功了,新竹看海的青年孝子就不會隨便被圍毆,就不會在哀求中被鋁棒活活打死:豐原某少年就不會在聖誕夜,在和情敵談判中被圍毆斷氣。落實尊重生命的教育如果成功,將會有很多很多無辜的生命不會輕易被害,而不是只有寥寥的數條罪惡的生命。
廢死聯盟要努力的方向是,死刑的判定應該是謹慎及證據確鑿的,江國慶冤死的不幸才是大家要努力去改善的。
  犯錯受罰是公平的,一個具有公義的社會,不應該去保護壞人,導致善良百姓在日常生活中失去安全感。任何大赦、特赦、減刑、假釋都是不應該的。要給更生人一個機會,應該是在他刑滿出獄之後,除去他的犯罪紀錄,給他一個從新開始的人生。畢竟他已對他所犯的錯,付出了代價。

2010年11月28日

流傳在歌曲裡的故事(一)老掉牙的西洋歌曲

  前幾天去剪頭髮,到一個由媽媽負責剪髮,兩個姐妹幫忙洗頭跟修面的家庭式理髮廳,那個姊姊習慣在工作的時候聽CD,放了一張懷念西洋老歌。從音箱裡流出了SAY YOU SAY ME,SPEAK SOFTLY LOVE,MORNING HAS BROKEN,等等好老好老的老歌,我問她為什麼聽這種老掉牙的老歌?她說就是喜歡它們的旋律。我陶醉在這一連串的老歌裡,好多好多的往事浮現在眼前,每首歌的背後都應該有作者作曲的故事,歌迷也都有自己跟這些歌曲的往事。
  SAY YOU SAY ME是我在大學快畢業時流行的,由LIONEL RICHIE 主唱,同時流行的還有他的 HELLO。那時候同學們普遍面臨著,畢業後何去何從的惶恐。我則因為在那一年考上了特考,心中比較踏實,想的是與同窗四載的同學們,即將就此別過,何時才能再一次和同學們像歌詞所說的再一起say you say me say it together naturely。略帶傷感的心情讓我在畢業紀念冊裡,寫下了「人生不相見,動如參與商,今夕復何夕,共此燈燭光」的留言,這是節錄自杜甫的贈衛八處士的句子,其實我比較喜歡他的結尾,「明日隔山岳,世事兩茫茫」。當年我認為最屌的留言是「酒店打烊,該離開了」。後來才知這句話是有典故的,並非胡掰,它是英國首相邱吉爾的名言「I leave when the pub closes」,他在1945年參加大選前回答記者的話,主要是說人生的過程,盡力參與就好,不必太強求。
  SPEAK SOFTLY LOVE是一部黑手黨電影「教父」的主題曲,有一部我最喜歡的文藝片「YOU’VE GOT A MAIL」由湯姆漢克主演,劇中湯姆經營的福斯量販書店,就要把女主角的小書店給吞沒了,女主角和湯姆在網路世界是朋友,彼此互不知道他們在真實世界的身分,女主角透過E-MAIL向湯姆求救,湯姆告訴她「go to the mattresses」。這是「教父」裡的台詞,是抗戰到底的意思。為了這段劇情,我去看「教父」這部電影,我想了解為什麼「go to the mattresses」是宣戰、奮戰到底的意思。電影看完了,感覺還不錯,但答案沒找到,還要再找時間重看一遍,去找答案。
  MORNING HAS BROKEN 這是一首提醒我上床睡覺的歌,年輕的時候在準備就業考,我喜歡一邊聽廣播一邊看書。晚上的時光裡有秦夢眾、凌晨在空中與我相伴,當我讀到渾然忘我的境界時,他們的聲音只是我的背景音樂,對我一點影響都沒有。每天到了晚上12點,收音機就會唱出「morning has broken, like the first morning、、、 」這首輕快的歌曲,聽到這首歌,我就知道我該結束我這一天的活動,書丟著,熄燈上床睡覺去了。日復一日這首歌陪我一起金榜提名,陪我一起到省訓團去參加職前訓練。在省訓團裡催促我們熄燈就寢的,就不是Cat stevens的這首「morning has broken」,而是費玉清的「晚安曲」。
  其實我並不是洋派的,我從不聽余光的熱門歌曲排行榜,我喜歡聽國語歌曲,華語的流行歌曲有著我更多的故事。

2010年11月21日

退休的誘惑

  公務員的退休制度,將在100年又有重大的改革,滿55歲加發7個月的好康取消了,退休的門檻參數從75提高至85。雖然說對已具資格的公務員的權益依舊保障,但對我這種老鳥而言,面對經常會變動的退休制度,內心也是有些擔心。
  該不該退休?這個問題在我尚未具退休資格時,我的答案是肯定的。尤其是看到身邊的同事,一個個滿50歲就辦理退休,天天星期天,日子過的優閒自在,真的讓我非常嚮往。心中盤算著,要是能夠跟他們一樣早早退休的話,我就可以過著我想要的生活,要看海就去看海,想泡溫泉就去泡溫泉。在家的日子早上我就泡壺茶,然後就用力的把我那買了10多年的那堆書,好好消化一下。下午再去游一個小時的泳,鍛鍊一下身體。回來後上個網下下棋或打打譜,維持一點棋感。晚上則看看影片,寫寫部落格,然後早早滾到被窩裡睡覺。嘿!這樣子的日子看起來也不錯吧,既充實又忙碌。
  轉眼間我真的可以退休了,想退休的話,單子一送,下個月就榮退了。真正面臨抉擇的時候,腦袋瓜裡的想法就不一樣了。看看那個平常跟我在一起吃喝玩樂的同事,退休後去弄了個保全的工作,在看顧工地,整天塵土飛揚的。我問他退休了幹嘛還要工作,他說他想要雙薪嘛!我再問他既然需要錢幹嘛去退休,現在的年薪有比退休前多嗎?他點了根菸不說話。還有個同事退休了在當保母,不知這是不是他退休前的夢想工作。
  退休與否這個概念,在古時候叫做出仕或歸隱吧,陶淵明在41歲的時候,就因為不願束帶去見督郵,辭去彭澤縣令,歸隱田園。這個故事,被傳誦的很美,但豈知他的晚年可是貧病交加,餓到躺在床上爬不起來的。現代的公務員有月退俸當然不至於像他一樣,可是年所得一定是會縮水的。常聽要退休的朋友說,他退休後領的錢和退休前差不多或更多,我對這種說法總是存疑。以我自己來試算,退休後考績獎金沒了,少掉了兩個月全薪,年終獎金雖還有但只剩不到一半,不休假獎金不見了,每月的月退俸再加上18%的利息,怎麼算都還比月薪少,這林林總總加起來,口袋的荷包應該失血不少吧,怎可能差不多或更多呢?
  是不是不在乎這些金錢損失的人就可以考慮退休了?這我也不以為然,韓愈在他的圬者王承福傳裡,假藉王承福這個角色,表達了他對於權貴不勞動坐享清福的不滿,他說「、、、食焉而怠其事,必有天殃、、、」。所以每次想到是不是該辦了退休去坐領乾薪,我心中總有些許不安。但又嚮往看海泡溫泉退休的日子怎麼辦?也沒那麼困難,請假去就好了,我有30天的休假,40天的有薪事假,請都請不完,退休幹嘛。
  前幾天有位將退休的同事碰到了我,很高興的告訴我他將在明年初提早退休,接著又問我何時要退休,我懷疑我的外表是不是看起來已經老的可以退休了,我回答他說「離命令退休還有10幾年,除非被輪調,不然我會在這裡鞠躬盡瘁,做到做不動為止,會不會死而後已就看上帝的旨意了」

2009年10月11日

公僕難為〈二〉

舉個例來說,前兩年政府就下達了一個命令,政府機關不得到風景地區辦理各項訓練活動。
接到公文有那個小皇帝把它當一回事?辦活動是另一種自強活動ㄚ,是另類的福利,怎麼可能停辦。於是想盡辦法,找一些笑掉牙的理由,還是要到外面辦活動,承辦的公務員怎麼攔的住?上面還規定如有不遵規定要懲處主辦會計。試問主辦會計硬要攔下這種事,豈不是要與全民為敵了。
其實這道命令只要是改成懲處機關首長,就不會再有這些陽奉陰違的勾當了。畢竟公務員是聽命行事的,凡事做與不做是由小皇帝作決定的。

2009年10月9日

公僕難為

氣象局氣象預報中心主任吳德榮,因為莫克拉颱風給南台灣帶來的損害,遭到池魚之殃自請提早退休,行政院長吳敦義為他抱不平,此事又在國內掀起了波濤。公務員一直以來都被視為天之驕子,尤其近年來經濟不景氣,公務員穩定的待遇一直為人稱羨。
其實當公務員有很多心酸是不為人知的。單講一項,想當個奉公守法,盡忠職守的公僕有時候真的很難。有太多的因素在阻撓公務員為其所當為。因為有很多機關首長是以當小皇帝的心態在當官,在他管轄範圍內他說的算,跟他講法令規章,那是你的事。這群小皇帝在機關內天不怕地不怕,一點制衡的力量都沒有。雖然每個機關都設有政風、人事、會計這種一條鞭的單位,在其職務範圍內美其名可獨立行使職權,可是他們卻都是孤立無援的不受支持的。君不見每次這三單位如跟首長有不和,上級機關護的一定是那位小皇帝,被調職的也一定是這些堅守崗位的小主管。一條鞭的單位都束手無策了,那些由他任命的單位主管,誰還敢多說一個「不」字。
缺少一個公正的第三機關可以出來調解小皇帝與員工間的爭執,是讓政風、人事、會計失去制衡作用的主因,機關內缺少制衡的力量,於是小皇帝就一個接一個的出現。
人人常稱公務員捧的是鐵飯碗,捧鐵飯碗的難處其實很難跟外人說,當鐵飯碗裝熱湯時,它是很燙手的。

2009年8月7日

願天的拔把"父親節"快樂

願天下的把拔”父親節”快樂
托莫拉克颱風之賜,今天放假一天,才能抽控上來練功。
是不是大家都在父親節這一天,才會想起家中有個人叫做父親?我則不然,雖然父親已離我而去15年餘了,但我時常不經意的想起我的爸爸。在想事情時我會斜坐在椅子上,下颌內含微側著頭。想著想著,腦海裡忽然想起,這不就是阿爸在思考的樣子嗎?真不愧是老爸的兒子,把他的神情都傳下來了。
翻翻小時後父親抱著我的照片,好巧!他瞇著眼我也瞇著眼,他看左邊我也在看左邊,我和他是心有靈犀一點通。在爸爸的子女中,我相信我是得到最多寵愛的。記憶中我常被他放在腳踏車的前座藤椅裡,載著去逛街ˋ看電影ˋ吃點心。在埔里的小街上,有很多人認識他,也對他很尊敬,只見他不停的跟人寒喧,點頭打招呼。坐在前座的我,沾他的光覺得很神氣,一直以為爸爸是個大人物。累了就直接把頭往後一靠,睡著了,醒來時一定是在家中的被窩裡,現在想起來真是幸福。
爸爸見多識廣,又樂於助人,善於調解,家中常有朋友來找父親談事情,只見父親一面忙著泡茶招呼客人,一面搬出六法全書,邊抽著菸,邊翻閱法條,不斷的和他們討論著。連遠地的親戚,只要碰到任何難題,由於當時沒有電話,也都會風塵僕僕的,從老家來到我們這山城小鎮,請老爸排解。
父親對我的照顧也最多,從小學ˋ中學ˋ到大學一路走來,從沒間斷。他蠻以為這個最疼愛的么兒會和他共度餘生的。不料我在結婚時,竟跟他說我要搬出去自己住,當時他錯愕的表情至今仍深烙在我心。
婚後父親依舊幫忙我照料家中之事,不久因心肌梗塞送到榮總加護病房,又是插管又是氣切,醫師建議我們拔管讓他安祥的走,兄長都同意了。無知的我硬是不肯,我知道拔了管,代表我將永久失去他,我不捨得永久失去他,我一直夢想著他一定能好起來,一定可以騎著腳踏車,像小時後載著我一樣,載著我家大妞去逛街ˋ去買玩具。這個不捨ˋ錯誤的堅持讓他多了好幾天的活受罪,想起這一段也一直讓我心痛至今。
父親臨走的那一夜,我夢見他回到小時候,我們在埔里的家,他拜完祖先轉身要出門,我問他”阿爸!您要去那裡”,他回過頭對我輕輕一笑,沒說一句話,就迎風飄去。霎時電話鈴聲響起,三哥來電說父親剛剛已過世了。想起他臨走了都不忘來看看我,不禁熱淚盈框。
這麼久了還是常常會想起或夢見,這位一直在從背後為我撐腰打點的父親,不知他現在可好?好想好想再聞聞他身上的煙味,好想好想請他再幫我解決現在的問題,好想好想再回到從前,等著他下班載我去逛街,好想好想.......。

2009年7月16日

最近有點煩

最近有點煩,有點煩,實在很煩。
二妞的成績直直落怎能叫我不煩。
大妞第二次基測成績不知會不會讓我不煩?
和親戚的投資差點一去不返,
當時說好年率6%,半年利息先拿,兩年本錢就還。
金融風暴來時還信誓旦旦叫我不要操煩。
兩年一到倒說本錢折半一切都是我亂彈以及天方夜譚。
不想再談,利息給他本錢還來,一切都是空談,你說煩不煩。
上班頭頭老扳一張臉,領導無方還嫌大家無能,
將帥無能操死三軍,
只要頭頭沒出去賺外快在家,不是毫無內容冗長會議,
就是枯躁無味一遍又一遍的品管活動。
頭頭獨樂在其中,除了PLP的以外,都是被威脅恐嚇留下發呆浪費生命的。
口口聲聲要節省成本,可是每個活動都要盛大,要博版面。
經營績效一年比一年慘,機關的錢還是大把大把的花。
你要是心中有公義,你一定看的很心煩。
這也煩,那也煩,吃顆藥讓它不煩。
真想一覺不醒就甚麼都不煩。
要不讓我醒來樂透中個頭獎,至少少掉一半煩。

2009年6月13日

富人還跟窮人搶嗎?

  有職業的人還需跟失業漢搶工作嗎?
  看到報載某單位建設處長在議會開會期間,請假到學校去授課。議員不滿的是認為他不尊重議會。讓我嘆息的是,高官們何不專心工作,辭去兼差,把機會讓給年輕人。
  因為連動債引發的金融風暴,在這段期間給全世界帶來了浩劫性的經濟蕭條。各國的失業率均攀上歷史高峰,台灣也不例外。政府絞盡腦筋要刺激經濟,突發奇想的發消費券、散彈打鳥的擴大內需方案,不管是妙招還是昏招,其目的就是想要擠出一點工作給失業者。也許我們一點也幫不上忙,也許我們多少也可以做一點。例如我們把資源回收的東西都交給拾荒婦,就多少可以給他一點幫忙、領月退俸的退休人員不要再去工作了,把工作留給需要工作的人、現在有工作的人更要感恩惜福,好好做好你的工作,辭去兼職給求職的人多一點機會。
  我的單位算是待遇蠻好的,但兼差風氣盛行,兼課弄教職、四處演講賺鐘點費、外出當委員領出席費。過去的年代因為生活條件差,所以每個人都想多兼一些工作,多賺一點錢改善家庭經濟,無可厚非。現在待遇這麼好還去兼差,到底是為利還是為名?
  看到莘莘學子惶恐的歩入社會,投了幾十張履歷表才謀得一個面試機會,待業幾個月才能有了第一個工作機會。高官您怎麼還忍心跟他們爭,有錢的人您怎麼還需要去搶窮人呢?

2009年5月31日

超級週末(三)家中新成員

  家裡添了個新成員,小名叫妞妞。我們家跟牠媽是舊識,只要我們一回家牠媽有事沒事就來我家逛逛。不拘小節,有時吃塊麵包喝喝水就走,有時就留下來吃頓排骨才走。牠家子女眾多,連妞妞共十個,實在沒空照顧那麼多子女,就一一外送,因為跟牠熟識就分了一個過來。
  過來的第一晚,大概是陌生吧,整夜哭個不停,像孫悟空大鬧天庭般,把我們搞的整晚未睡。大清早牠媽就來敲門關心,沒理牠,睡我自己的。不一會兒又來敲第二次,這一次一不做二不休索性把門用撞的,雖沒撞開,但也逼的我們只好起來迎賓了。
  妞妞見了媽,急忙撲向媽咪要吃奶,吃奶把媽咪給咬痛了,牠媽咪掉頭就走,急忙給牠泡了奶,把了尿,喝飽尿完後,妞妞滿足的蒙頭就睡,折騰了一晚原來是餓了,想尿尿。
  妞妞長的很好看,純真無邪的臉龐,光澤柔軟的皮膚,人見人愛。牠才滿月,進門後將會陪著我們一家度過8-10年的歲月,希望牠能帶給我們快樂和安心,我們將照顧牠一輩子,滿足牠的吃喝拉撒需求,這就是我家的新成員,台灣黑土狗妞妞,歡迎新成員的加入,這裡就是你的家,這裡就是我們的家。

2009年5月28日

超級週末(二)國中基測

5月23日是國中生的第一次基測日,如果沒考好的話,7月11日還有第二試,然後就登記分發進入高中生涯。表面上看起來,不像我那個年代一試定江山,那麼恐怖。可是仔細一比較,我覺得我那個年代的升學制度,壓力反而沒現在這麼大,怎麼說呢?
現在的制度第一試成績出來後,考的好的申請到理想學校的人,就不參加第二試了,但這類學生所佔的比率不會太高。大部分的學生都會參加第二試,然後取兩次成績中較優的那一次參加登記分發,不論高中、高職、五專一起分發。兩次的考試都是高張力的考試,學生承受壓力的強度及深度,我認為都比我那個年代重且深。唯一的好處是,第一試當天身體不舒服或臨時有事不克應試的人,有了一個補救的機會。
我那時代的考試,高中聯考吸走了大部分的高材生,在高中聯考失手的學生,退而求其次考五專,之後再考高職。試題的難度也略有差別,有點像分級賽,越往後面強度越小。學生也可以依自己的意願或實力,選擇適當的戰場與實力相當的對手競爭。像象棋比賽一樣,高手參加高段組,差一點的參加甲組或乙組,初學的參加級位組般。我覺得這種考試制度,其實蠻好的,不知專家學者們為何棄之如敝屣。
現代的升學制度其實有一個很大的缺點,就是捨棄總分制改採序位法制(PR),導致學生程度的高低,較難以區分出來。同時也造成了學校排名的混亂,過去的排名十分清楚,第二志願要填那個學校,不必費思量,現在可能要「賭杯」求神明指點迷津了。

2009年5月27日

超級週末(一)結婚

這一個週末是很重要的日子,首先是先父的長孫要取媳婦,其次是我的長女要參加今年的高中第一次基測,還有一件事是我家將有新成員加入。
結婚是一件重大的喜事,使我想起詩經裡的那篇『桃夭』:桃之夭夭,灼灼其華。之子于歸,宜其室家。桃之夭夭,有蕡其實。之子于歸,宜其家室。桃之夭夭,其葉蓁蓁。之子于歸,宜其家人。
我把它做這樣的解讀,這是期許一個女子結婚後在不同的階段有不同責任。初嫁時所要料理的只是新房裡面的事,當漸漸的有了孩子,所要操持的就包括了與先生兩人所建立的家中大小事,日子久了枝葉茂密了,所要操持的則是整個家族的事。
結婚除了代表兩人感情的進一步契合外,也代表一個家族命脈延伸的契機。是一件喜事也是一個責任的開始。

2009年5月18日

盤古與天地等夀

  讀過上一篇的人一定感到莫明其妙,篇名叫「盤古開天」,但全篇只有在結尾時提到盤古二字,其餘內容儘是些風馬牛不相干的事。其實也沒啥好奇怪的,盤古開天不是宇宙的起源嗎?盤古開天四字不就代表一個時代開始嗎?我就要開始分享我的心得了,那不就是一個新的開始嗎?嘿!會不會太扯了。
  根據《三五曆紀》描述:天地渾沌如雞子,盤古生其中,萬八千歲。天地開闢,陽清為天,陰濁為地。盤古在其中,一日九變,神於天,聖於地。天日高一丈,地日厚一丈,盤古日長一丈。萬八千歲,天數極高,地數極深,盤古極長。
  宇宙的起源,根據現代的科學家推論,有一派「大霹靂」學說,認為宇宙大約在137億年前是一個密度和時空曲率都無限大的一個點,經過一次大爆炸後一直延伸到現在。大爆炸以前是甚麼?沒人說的出來。未來會是怎樣的局面?有人說宇宙是一直在膨脹的,像吹氣球一樣,但有一天會又縮回到原來的一個點。
  不論未來如何,但我覺得它的起始論和《三五曆紀》的描述滿吻合的。天地渾沌如雞子,不就是那密度極高的點。天地開闢就是大爆炸,之後天日高一丈地日厚一丈,您說是不是在講膨脹論。
  只是這個盤古是誰?某個人嗎?人不可能如此長壽的。代表人類嗎?可是根據進化論的理論,人類是慢慢進化而來的,一開始的生命不可能這麼複雜。代表生命吧?有可能,但當時的環境有可能就產生我們現在所定義的生命型態嗎?以目前的科學能力認為,大部分的於宙空間都不可能存在我們現在所定義的生命。那盤古指的會是甚麼?我認為指的是「時間」。只有時間才會在大爆炸的那一剎那開始就與天地等壽。天數極高,地數極深,盤古極長、、、。本來只是一本屬於神話傳說的內容,怎會跟最新的科學推論一致呢?這是神話還是遠古智慧的流傳,真叫人好奇。

2009年5月17日

盤古開天

  學生時代說真的不是很喜歡讀書,除了課本已外,從來不讀課外書。畢業之後除了棋書外,也不讀閒書。所以,長久以來我可以說是一個面目可憎之人。但我面惡心善,學生寒暑假打工來向我推銷書,我怕拒絕他們,會傷害他們幼小的心靈,我會選我比較喜歡的書,給他們一點鼓勵。生意人來向我推銷書,我會想他就靠那堆書養家活口,我就買一點讓他維持生計。逛書展看到喜歡的書,如獲至寶,當然就帶回家囉。
  東買西買我有了一輩子讀也讀不完的書,書買進來了就放在書架不聞不問,亂買在先遺棄在後,叫始亂終棄。為了不辜負那些偉大的著作,我開始慢慢的隨性的與作者交心。
  我的閱讀範圍不外是中國古文學、歷史、天文和英文。小說、現代文學就沒特別興趣但也不排斥,唯一不讀的書是管理的書,因為我覺得管理這玩意兒,老是把很簡單的東西弄得很複雜,裝的很有學問的樣子,不就是那些老掉牙的舊材料,在那裡慢慢的變化新把戲。學海無涯,生而有涯。我不把生命浪費在這上面。
  今天要談的是天、地、人。想要跟大家說說盤古的事。